Infections are the most common skin disease and affect millions of people globally each year. Bacterial skin infections are common in most developing countries (Mahé, Thiam N'Diaye, and Bobin 1997). Generally, these infections arise as primary infections of the skin or as secondary infections of other lesions such as scabies or insect bites.
Skin infections can cause irritation, discomfort, and lead to communicable diseases that cause long-term damage and sometimes death. According to the World Health Organization, People living in a low-income country are far more likely to die of a communicable disease than a noncommunicable disease, with six of the top 10 causes of death in low-income countries being infectious diseases. In one study, 77% of the deaths of surgical patients were related to surgical wound infection (Guideline for prevention of surgical site infection).
The majority of deaths occur in underdeveloped countries due to the main issues with their healthcare system; lack of affordable, accessible, and high-quality infection detection and prevention products.
Infections can be difficult to detect, especially when there is already a lack of access to basic sanitation and medical support. Currently, there is an insufficiency of non-invasive techniques to measure pH in order to detect infections. Additionally, a lack of low-cost infection prevention and detection products is an issue in many underdeveloped countries.